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行楷精美文章摘抄大全,行楷书法作品欣赏快写

2024-02-17  本文已影响 585人 

今天中国论文网小编为大家分享毕业论文、职称论文、论文查重、论文范文、硕博论文库、论文写作格式等内容.1. 行楷优美文章

写好行楷需要掌握以下三个方面:

ShengXueLi.Com

技能、练习和笔墨首先需要掌握基本的笔画结构,然后通过反复练习、不断积累经验,不断完善自己的行楷笔法,最终达到熟练自如的水平。同时,整理常用的字形和笔画,将它们分门别类地记下来,形成自己的笔记。在练习的过程中,可以借鉴其他行家的作品,学习他们的写法和技巧,并加以吸收和吸纳。同时,对于笔杆、笔锋、笔笔骨,还需要了解其特性,根据情况选择不同的笔杆、笔锋,才能达到更好的效果。

2. 行楷文章作品欣赏图片大全 硬笔

1、田英章硬笔

这本字帖很有名,田英章结合了九成宫和灵飞经风格,最关键的是写了很多他的练字感悟。不过,通篇都是繁体字,也有不少异体字,所以作为进阶款来学习为佳。

2、荆霄鹏行楷

行楷是介于行书和楷书之间,正如行书是介于楷书和草书之间。以行楷作为过渡,是我们把平时的练习结合近日常手写的重要一步。荆霄鹏行楷比较接地气,推荐。

3、吴玉生行楷

吴玉生应该是我最崇拜的一位老师了。他的硬笔红楼梦诗词水平极高,不过由于是作品集锦,在此我就不推荐了。这一本的教学思路也很正统,他的行楷略有古意,各位也可以看看。

4、卢中南硬笔九成宫

这个就比较有意思了,喜欢九成宫但是又不太会用硬笔临写的同志,可以试试这个。

3. 行楷字帖文章

吴玉生的行楷字很漂亮,酷爱书法,多年临池不辍。曾获全国首届文明杯书写大赛唯一特等奖、名列中国汉字首届硬笔书法大赛一等奖榜首,担任过中国硬笔书法研究会副秘书长、华艺硬笔习字会副会长、中国书协函授培训中心副教授、中央电视台硬笔书法讲座主讲人和全国、全军书法赛事评委、编写出版书法教材字帖数十种。“国学典籍书法版系列丛书”之《书法诗经》的创作者之一,“国学典籍书法版系列丛书”之《楷体金文三字经》的创作者之一。

潜心书法普及教育研究和实践十几年,成绩颇丰。被北京市教育局评为“优秀书法辅导教师”,被中国教育学会书法教育研究会遴选为全国九年制义务教育《写字》课本规范字书写人。国家行楷手写体规范字形样本字书写人。中央电视台以《铁笔兵》为题,对其作过报道。2008年10月荣膺中国教育学会书法专业委员会授予的“全国书法教育突出贡献奖”称号。

4. 行楷美文图片欣赏

记忆中闪光的河水,傍晚飞舞的蜻蜓,暴雨打湿灰尘的味道,黄昏里洗澡水的肥皂香气,弄堂里跳着皮筋的小孩,那时的一切,简单而美好。

长大后,渐渐的这些都消失不见了。现在的我们只剩下一小片天空、夜晚的街道和办公室永远开启的空调。

抽了一天阳光正好的日子,在这初秋的午后, 往回忆里走一走,从喧闹浮躁的四川北路中段,由西往东再转向北,有一条全长不过600多米、宽不过两车道的马路,这便是山阴路了。

在上海,没有一条相同的路,似人的脸孔,各有各的形态,她是一条不太起眼的马路,游人会感到时空倒错,仿佛从繁华的城市走进了寂寞的古镇,马路两旁那些老旧而形态各异的洋楼,散发着一种低调稳重的绅士气质。

身后的街道两旁,青黄不接的梧桐树随风摇曳,鳞次栉比的排列着,弥漫着一片秋意,风一起,引得落叶纷纷,心中比划着树的年轮,却猜不出这条小路的年岁,它就这样静静的传承着老上海的情怀。

在梧桐掩映中,一排排形态各异的老洋房静静地矗立着。红瓦青砖琉璃窗、旧路故居老洋房,漫步于此,似时光忽然停滞,当前与过往、现实与历史,恍惚间也变得模糊起来。

秋日的山阴路,阳光在树梢上跳跃着,斜斜的照在围墙上,斑驳的倒映着树枝的影子,茂密的叶片遮蔽了道路,空气温柔而安静。在历史的年轮中,不卑不亢地屹立了许多年。

虹口区是一个很有时代感的地方,弄堂里的光影,是逝去的童年,依稀记得夕阳把影子拉得很长,我总是追着影子跑,满头大汗却乐此不疲。

小贩每天都在同一时间吆喝着,“瞎刀牟(磨)剪刀”...棒冰吃伐,光明牌厄老牌棒冰...收旧电视机、旧冰箱、录象...那些只属于市井掷地有声的叫卖声,谱写了老上海充满生活气息的音符。

虽然现在的情景已不复存在,但山阴路依旧保持着老上海的风貌,马路两旁也不见有什么气势逼人的大商厦,只零星散落些小铺子,售些烟酒杂货。路边,有老人闲闲地坐着,抽烟,品茶,聊天。

巷内高高挂起的衣服被单,白天回收旧物的小贩和快递员在这穿梭自如,弄堂里厢的阿姨们家长里短的聊着鸡毛蒜皮的事。

时光对这里有所偏心,斑驳的墙砖,老旧的木门,错综复杂的电线,依然是老上海的模样,让人身陷其中,挪不开脚步...

街头巷尾藏着的美食真不少,有着专属上海的特殊记忆,一直让人魂牵梦绕,随着时间的流逝,越来越浓。

红玫瑰食品厂

用醒目的华文行楷字体标着“小辰光的味道,老底子额么事”,沪语读起来特别亲切,卖的都是上海老牌食品厂出品的点心,康元、光明、泰康、茂昌...手指饼干、桔红糕、老苏打、动物饼干...满满当当的摆放着袋装散装的食品,豆腐干大小的店,排着二十来米的队。

围拢的人群七嘴八舌,“吾特地从浦东坐两部地铁来的”,“各就是阿拉小辰光额米道”,“特地古来买给外公外婆吃的”...

老板是一个实实在在的上海牙叔,90年代下海经商开创了红玫瑰食品厂,大潮退去,只留下了这间小店,虽已年近古稀,却丝毫没有退休的念头,“来我店的都是熟客了,只要身体来塞,就会一直做着生意”。这里仿佛是现实版的《解忧杂货店》,贩卖着回忆,传承着海派情怀。

与一般热潮般的网红店不同,这里排队的平均年龄50岁以上,二十多年天天如此,老板笑着说,“到我这里买的是回忆,是上海人从小吃到现在的味道。”眼底散发着骄傲神情。

味觉是一个穿梭机,不经意间就把你带进了胶片色的回忆里,像是打开了尘封已久的八音盒,拍飞了沾染的尘埃,简单而温馨的音符婉婉柔柔敲打着心。

光头生煎

这条路藏着的老字号真不少,光头牙嗦开的店,坚持只收现金的传统,除了生煎馒头,还有锅贴、牛肉汤、双档汤这些海派传统早餐,填满了上海人的日常。

揭盖那瞬间,冒着气泡的油水在锅里炸开了花,肉鼓鼓的生煎样子极为可爱,让人欣喜。

中等厚薄的皮子,包裹着很一颗丰满的肉馅,轻咬一口,浓郁的汤汁倾泻而下,加了酱油的肉馅甜津津的,满足口腹之欲,金黄的底焦香薄脆,简直勾魂!

作为招牌的牛肉汤中规中矩,与生煎馒头称为最佳拍档,一碗只飘了4-5片牛肉,所幸切的够厚,裹着浓郁的咖喱味,整体发挥水平稳定。

光头面馆

同一家老板,同一级味觉水平,八仙桌前的食客们捉襟见肘的坐着,匆忙的扒一碗,完美开启忙碌的一天!

标准的时光机拌面,地道的本帮口味,油爆的葱香和筋斗的面条契合度超高,面条量很大,入口顺滑,辣肉的酱香味浓郁,十几元一碗,性价比很高。

明炉烤鸭

上海人对熟菜情有独钟,小时候只有家里来客人妈妈才舍得买一份烤鸭一份红肠作为招待。

下午3点多,玻璃窗外已经排起了长队,碰巧在这又遇到了先前在红玫瑰一起排过队的“战友”,“这里的鸭子很出名的,前几天电视上刚介绍过,今天儿子回来了,买点回去加菜”。阿姨眉飞色舞的说着。

虽这一天偶遇了两次,但这样的对话像是从小生活在同一个弄堂里般熟悉,这就是上海阿姨们与生俱来的亲切感。

“明炉”以烤鸭为招牌,与传统的北京烤鸭挂炉不同,这儿的鸭是电烤的,用一个电热丝环绕的玻璃大罩杯,一通上电,鸭子们不紧不慢的转着圈圈,滋滋的冒着油,金灿灿的仿佛被开了光,香味一丝一丝的飘入了鼻间。

这里的鸭子体型丰腴,圆润饱满的形态,堪称烤鸭届的“杨贵妃”,刚烤出的鸭子皮脆肉嫩,肥而不腻,诱人至极,沾上特制的甜面酱,减肥中的我,不知不觉竟光了盘。

掌中宝、鸭翅、鸡爪、鸭锁骨都有自己的特色,与武汉辣口那些相比更为酱香浓郁,甜津津带着一点点辣,一定是父母偏爱的这一口。

样样体面

从山阴路拐向吉祥路直走到宝安路,十几米宽的狭窄马路,并列着两排低矮的民房,巷子里桂花树散发着甜蜜的馨香,吵吵嚷嚷的市井气也显得格外灵活鲜动。

颇有古风的金字招牌,大小不过30平米,饭点排上20分钟的队是再平常不过的事了。

“我们这里东西都好吃的,你随便点吧”。老板娘颇有气势,对自家的味道自信,才会用样样体面来命名吧。

透明料理台上摆放着大颗大颗流油的咸蛋黄,仿佛在诉说着“欢迎来到咸蛋黄的世界”。

据说这里每天要消耗7000多枚蛋黄,这里是咸蛋黄星人的天堂,这里的咸蛋黄无所不能,各种网红小点心都能找得到。

最为有名的咸蛋黄鲜肉烧麦,有了咸蛋黄的烧麦立刻飞升成仙,简直是跌入人间的美味,好吃的有了灵魂。

酱色的糯米煮的入味至极,夹着一整颗不干不粉、细腻多油的咸蛋黄,肥瘦相间的鲜肉粒并没有夺去咸蛋的味道,三者食材配合的天衣无缝,每一口都香艳,因为用料十足,个头比一般的烧麦大一倍,6元/个,敦敦实实的,诚意满分!

与掌心一般大小的咸蛋黄肉包手感松软却有韧劲,因为有咸蛋黄的加持,如虎添翼,有了化腐朽为美味的魔力,幸福感冲上云霄。

咬下一口黄澄澄的蛋黄露了面,与肉团紧密相依,满满当当的馅,入口超级满足,是心动的信号!

4元/只性价比超高,老食客一打一打的买回家做早点,一个管饱。

因为小笼的皮薄汁多,吹弹可破,裹在肉馅里的咸蛋黄碎的味道较为平淡,但汤汁格外出彩,吸收了咸蛋黄都肉馅的精华,鲜香浓郁,一口一个格外过瘾,一笼只要9元,值得pick一下。

GIF

看似是黑暗料理的咸蛋黄冰淇淋,实则却是本店的隐藏大boss,经久不衰的香草味加入了细细沙沙的咸蛋黄碎,恰到好处的咸度沙度,入口绵滑回味浓郁,奶香丝丝入扣。

咸而不齁,甜而不腻,可盐可甜的在舌尖融化,称之平价版哈根达斯也不为过。7元/个,性价比一百昏!

吃完还打包了一盒烧麦回家,老板娘说我的是最后一盒了,赶上了末班车,幸运max!

这里的咸蛋黄品类都是限量的,8个字谨记:来的要早,下手要快!

司机之家

山阴路往西走到欧阳路,整齐的排列着一辆辆出租车,典型的苍蝇馆子,探头一望,穿着白衬衣的司机师傅们正在埋头吃饭。

擦头司机是这个城市的老百姓美食家,奔波于魔都的每一个角落,只要物美价廉的小店,他们总是第一个知道。

这里的停车位只供出租车停放,当然,吸引出租车司机来这里的原因除了方便停车,价格也相当便宜,量多实在,呼上一碗完美解决午饭。

饭点的时候这里可是要排队的,有些师傅直接端着面在门口站着吃,填满了肚子继续马不停蹄的为生活奔波。

老上海葱油饼

靠近甜爱路上有间不起眼的小店,欣喜的看到了油墩子、臭豆腐、香酥鸡这些字眼,店里没有空调,收银煎炸都是同一个人,“老板,怎么不招个打下手的小工啊”“现在小工工资可贵了,没办法,全家老小都靠我养活,不吃点苦怎么赚钱”。

奇妙的是,卖上海葱油饼的老板却是安徽人,在上海做生意已经有十几年了,以前只是摆了个鸡蛋饼的小摊,后来因为市容管理,找了家门面继续做生意,迎合上海人的口味,卖上了上海几乎绝迹的小吃。

不够臭的臭豆腐,终究还是没有得到本地人的真传,甜面酱也不够甜,更像咸味的豆瓣酱, 上海人吃臭豆腐,不仅讲口味,更讲情怀,这不是记忆中的味道,有点失望。

小时候校门口的香酥鸡,切得细细的一根,裹着一层薄薄的面粉,炸的金黄,撒上官配的椒盐粉和辣椒粉,鸡肉酥脆紧实,一口一根爽翻天。

这里的香酥鸡更像是鸡柳,切的比较长,酥皮也比较厚,外脆里嫩,无疑它是好吃的,却不是我怀念的。

没走几步路,一根根甘蔗矗立在眼前,老板麻利的把外皮削掉,水龙头里流出了鹅黄色的汁,甜甜的味道在口中弥漫,秋日的甘蔗甜掉了牙。

甜爱咖啡

全长520米的甜爱路,传说相爱的人牵手走过这里,爱情就会长长久久,甚至连路边的水杉树都是遥相呼应成双成对。

过去的人用一封封信纸来传递爱意,店门口红色的邮筒格外显眼,据说它是可以投递的,在这投出的每一封信函,都将被盖上一枚英文爱的邮戳,一切都浪漫无比。

甜爱咖啡似乎专为热恋情侣准备的,小的恰到好处,满墙的玫瑰,仿佛这一整条路都在对你说着情话。

这里有独有的寂静和舒缓的情调,阳光不燥微风正好,空中满是慵懒的咖啡香味,颇有着有“偷得浮生半日闲”的意境。

阳光折射出斑驳的树影,像花一样绽放在午后,抿一口咖啡,品一页美文,透过清晰透明的复古木窗,慵懒地看行人来来往往,却不被嘈杂的喧嚣声所围绕,取而代之的是优雅缓慢的轻音乐。就这样,把心静置在那里。

Love never dies,爱情永不死。这里,浪漫无处不在,慢下来,细细咀嚼生活的味道,静下来,和自己好好相处。

好珏栗子

我喜欢用气味感受季节,每当闻到了桂花飘香,除了心心念念的大闸蟹,更期待的是糖炒栗子,焦糖的甜混着栗子香,在秋风里格外出挑,捧着一包热乎乎的栗子,瞬间幸福感爆棚。

手捧刚出炉的栗子犹如尤物,趁热拨开,入口满是甘甜,栗子肉探入舌尖后的一激灵,味蕾和灵魂都得到了双重满足。

小巧的栗子香糯甘醇,香甜的恰到好处,吃多少都不会脏手。

走在这条路上似乎脚步轻盈了起来,体内的多巴胺都兴奋了,偶尔停下来细细品味,也不失为一种乐趣,在这绿意盎然的街道上悠闲而自在的晃悠,把握着忙碌生活中的小确幸!

5. 行楷优美文章素材

如果您想在剪映中添加带有边框的字体,可以按照以下步骤进行设置:

1. 打开剪映应用,选择需要添加字幕的视频。

2. 点击下方的“字幕”按钮,选择“添加字幕”选项。

3. 在字幕编辑页面中,选择需要添加的字体样式。

4. 在字幕编辑页面中,选择“文字描边”选项。

5. 调整描边的颜色、宽度和透明度,以达到您想要的效果。

6. 调整字幕的位置和大小,使其与视频内容协调一致。

7. 点击“保存”按钮,将字幕添加到视频中。

注意:在添加字幕时,建议选择适合视频内容和风格的字体样式和描边效果。同时,也要注意保护他人隐私和版权,不要随意使用他人的文字或图片素材。

6. 行楷优美文章大全

初学行书最好选择赵孟頫,陆柬之,智永的行书法贴。

开始练行书,就说明楷书已经有了一定的功底了,这时候这行书一定改很多楷书的行笔习惯,个人认为学赵孟頫的行楷较好,比如《胆巴碑》,也可以临摹智永的《千字文》,这两种行书的楷意更浓些,有利于你从一笔一划的正统楷书的状态转化行书的状态。

当然陆柬之的《文赋》也可以考虑,而且《文赋》的字更丰富些,有行楷,还有草体出现,学起来趣味似乎更大些。

我一直不赞成学行书开始就学米芾与王羲之,因为是太难,王羲之的笔法丰富,难度大,而米芾的个性太过突出,笔法也是较丰富,初学者不容易学成的,而经过学习赵孟頫,智永,陆柬之之后,再去学王羲之与米芾,这时的笔法就有了一定的基础了,学习起来也容易入手些了。

7. 行楷文章图片大全

华文行楷字体相比于楷书有着明显的流动性,这是由于行楷书写快捷、点画之间牵丝萦绕的结果,但是其内在的提按、起收、轻重、缓急与结体等,多有楷书变化而来。

一般来说,在行笔上楷书较慢而稳健,行楷则稍快而轻盈;在笔画上楷书多方折而厚重,行楷则多圆润而活泼;在结体上楷书端庄平正而求统一,行楷则亦奇亦正而求变化;在章法上楷书整齐划一富有秩序美,行楷则气韵流畅富有韵律美。虽然看上去,楷书与行楷有着一定的差异,但正如站立与行走的关系,楷书是行楷的基础,楷书的运笔方法、点画形态、结体规律等能灵活地应用到行楷的书写当中,有了楷书扎实的基本功,学习行楷就非常轻松,否则便是事倍功半。

8. 行楷练字美文

入门书法者可以从练习临摹千字文开始,因为它的文字结构简单,排列规律明显,易于掌握。同时,千字文是一篇经典美文,在中国书法艺术史上具有重要的地位,临摹可帮助书法爱好者更好地了解中国传统书法文化。

尤其是临朱熹的《千字文》,其遵循“条幅式”书写,文字端庄秀丽,字体格调高雅奔放,对于书法入门者学习颜体和楷体书法都有极大的帮助。不仅如此,临摹朱熹的《千字文》还可让入门者从中感受到名家笔下所表达的意境和审美情趣,并通过练习不断提高自己的书法水平。

当然,书法技法的学习需要长期坚持,需要不断地反复练习与总结,不仅需要多看、多想、多练,还需要注重细节,注意笔画的轻重,形态的规范等等。因此,能否临摹朱熹的《千字文》,取决于个人的书法素养和对书法的热爱程度,需要通过长期实践和不断学习掌握。

9. 行楷优美句子

先练字形基本功再逐渐提高难度行楷一本通练字的顺序应该是先从基础的字形练起,如横、竖、撇、捺等,逐渐提高难度,练习完整词语和句子。这样可以循序渐进地提高自己的字形水平,同时可以加深对笔画的理解和记忆。在练字时,要注意正确的姿势和笔画的书写顺序,这样才可以形成正确的习惯,提高书写的效率和美感。练字需要耐心和毅力,不能急功近利,要坚持不懈地练习,才能达到较好的效果。

10. 行楷优美文章摘抄

行楷又称“汉字行楷手写体字形”,是偏重于楷书书写笔法,比楷书行笔自由,又比行草规正的行书字体。是汉字在楷书基础上简约书写笔画、增强书写映带、表现书写意趣的实用性字体。行楷最大的优势在于实用性极强,书写速度快、易识易学。

行楷特点

行笔轻盈

书写楷书,运笔稳实、缓慢,笔画讲究工整、挺健。书写行楷,运笔轻松、便捷,线条追求流畅、明快。

点画灵动

书写楷书,笔画造型完整,点画之间呼应关系含蓄。书写行楷,点画活泼,连带显露,点、钩、挑等动感笔画明显增多。

字形多变

楷书的字形平正端庄,通篇整齐均匀,相映如一。行楷字的字形变化多姿,通篇大小相间,正敧相错,同一个字可以有多种写法。

硬笔行楷

姿势

坐姿

推荐的坐姿:头正、肩平、臂开、足安;眼离纸一尺高,手离笔尖一寸长,胸离桌子拳头,推荐坐姿如下图。

握姿

推荐的握姿:拇指、食指捏住笔,中指抵住笔杆底;余下两指紧相依,指离笔尖一寸余;五指配合齐用力,不松不紧最适宜,推荐握姿如下图。

工具

选笔

1、钢笔

钢笔的地位在硬笔练字中处于不可撼动的地位,较强表现力可以反映出毛笔的效果。关于练习钢笔的选择,我们可以遵从以下原则:

(1)不使用美工笔。美工笔不利于稳定练习;

(2)不使用写起来不适的钢笔。比如出现堵笔、洇墨、摩阻过大等问题;

(3)不使用过贵的钢笔。在成本练字的过程相对耗笔,尽量做到成本控制,贵的笔对练字本身没有太实质性的帮助。

中性笔

中性笔有稳定、表现力强、便宜、便捷、书写舒适等优点,是一种相对完美的笔。不止在此次行楷练习试验中,日常生活中,大多数人更愿意使用0.5中性笔。

中性笔的挑选可以遵从如下原则:

(1)书写流度。笔触顺骨,笔画饱满,墨色均匀;

(2)握笔舒适度。长时间书写不会有过于明显累手、压迫感;

(3)墨干燥速度。书写时不会被谱黑就行。

3、其他笔

除了钢笔和中性笔,其他笔类都可以进行练字。种类繁多,最为常见的有铅笔,圆珠笔等。不一定局限于某种笔。

字帖

分类

字帖大体可分为三类:(1)笔画结构详解类(2)集字类(3)语录文章类。初学者可以购入三类字帖分别一本,有一定基础者可以购入后两类字帖各一本,基础扎实者可购最后一类字帖。行楷定型试验于2019年6月10日启动,2019年10月24日初步定型,所用字帖为荆霄鹏的《实用行楷字帖》(图1)、《林徽因语录行楷》(图2)。《实用行楷字帖》属于集字类,《林徽因语录行楷》属于语录文章类。

图1

图2

推荐字帖

当代有大量优秀行楷字帖,比如吴玉生、田英章、钱沛云等人的行(楷)字帖。

昊玉生的行楷字站:《怎样写好写快规范字》《公务员汉字书写5500字》、《古文观止》、《硬笔行书红楼梦诗词》等。

田英章的行(楷)字帖:《钢笔行书实用技法字帖》、《漂亮字的快写技巧(行书)》、《现代汉语常用3500字(行书)》等。

钱沛云的行(楷)字帖:《钱沛云硬笔书法技巧》《钱市云教你写好硬笔行书》等。

对于字站的选择需要根据自己的喜好,但是也要避雷。

选择字帖三不选:不选折凹槽类字帖;不选手写体类字帖;不选大幅度描红类字帖。

练习纸种类繁多,常见的有回宫格、米字格、田字格、空白格、横线格、竖线格等等,练习纸的选择也需依据自己的基础,初学尽量选择辅助线多的回宫格、米字格等,随着阶段的变化,练习纸也应该有所改变以减少辅助,达到科学练习的目的。按时间顺序,不止使用了米字格纸、田字格纸、空白格纸、横线纸、竖线纸、白纸。

重点:从脱离米字格到白纸,练字整个过程都贯穿着田字格纸的巩固练习,不属于完全转换状态。

另外,有以下几个点可以注意:

(1)当没有问题的笔墨写在纸上产生洇墨、阻力大等类问题,建议换纸。

(2)不要使用线格过小的纸,选择写起来有种自然舒适状态的纸。

(3)不要刻意追求“好”纸,硬笔行楷的练习对纸的要求较低。

练字内容

从欣赏一幅书法作品的角度,至少会从章法、结构、笔画(划)三方面进行解读,这三方面即是要练字的内容。

章法

章法是安排布置整幅作品中,字与字、行与行之间呼应、照顾等关系的方法,它着重于字与字之间、行与行之间的协调。章法包含着字形大小、字距远近、字态正奇、黑白分布、落款铃印等,利用这些手段可以使众多单字在特定的风格下形成一种和谐稳定美观又不失趣味的作品。

结构

结构是字内各笔画长短、粗细、疏密、布局等。汉字从结构上分有独体字与合体字两大类。从结构形式看,合体字分为七种,即上下结构、上中下结构、左右结构、左中右结构、半包围结构、全包围结构和品字形结构,巧妙地组织笔画让笔画布局合理,传达的视觉效果越好。

笔画(划)

永字反映出了“点、横、竖、撇、捺、提、折、钩”八个基本笔画。笔尖与纸面接触的痕迹,反映出笔画力度、角度、粗细、曲直等。笔画作为练字的起点,是最基础也是最核心的,务必加倍重视。

练字方式

临摹字帖是当下练字最有效的途径,但是部分人在临摹之前往往忽略了一个前提:读帖。将练字方法分解为三个部分:读帖、摹写、临写。

读帖

读帖需要分析字帖范字的笔画、结构、章法。读帖是一个发挥主观能动性的过程,初步练习时应更多的注重笔画的长短、粗细、徐疾、轻重,笔画之间的俯仰、向背、离合、呼应,字的大小、方圆、高矮、宽窄等等。仔细领会字帖的点画形质、间架结构、气韵神采,才能下笔准确。对同一字帖而言,应从其点画开始,观察其起笔、行笔、收笔如何完成以及同一类笔画之间的细小差别等,再到观察毎个字的间架结构、位置布局和章法,最后则是体味字站的气韵神采、风格特点,为准确地临写做好准备。对不同字帖而言,就比如不止选择的两本字帖,往往起到一个相辅相成的作用,为了解一个字体作好充分的准备。经过观察,不止使用的行楷字帖,不像古帖变化较多,容易学习,方便掌握。

摹写

市面上流通的大多数摹写字帖采用透明度较高的硫酸纸覆盖在字帖上,按照影子描写(或者猫红)。当你开始使用摹写时前也要详细的读帖,做到心中有数。摹写过程中,尽量与原帖的用笔一致,单字书写一气呵成,不可存在먹笔填笔等问题。摹写有利有弊,不止认为摹写存在降低主观能动性的嫌疑,故整个练字试验过程都没有使用摹写。

临写

临写根据要求的不同可分为对临、背临和意临。

1、对临

可将字帖置于视角左侧或前端,便于准确观察。随着练字形式的多样化,对临时关于字帖的摆放只要适用于自己即可,可通过裁剪字帖放大观察范围,不必拘泥形式。基于读帖,写完后再将自己写的与字帖仔细对照分析,找到不足做出标记,再次临写,循环练习直到与字帖的字高度相以。临写时不可看一笔写一笔。

2、背临

在读帖,摹写,对临这些过程中,应当有所思索、有所比较、有所记忆,将字帖熟记于心,合帖临写,通过背临这种方式来检验自己是否熟练,这种方式就好比背语文课文,作为一种检查手段的同时,也是在巩固字体的练习,以形成记忆模式,达到一种出笔即像的境界。有部分练习者对照字帖能写得很好,一旦离开字站,不管是字形还是结构都降了层次,这就是因为没有使用好背临这一招。学习一个字体最后目的就是要将帖上字化为已用,想要到达这一目的,背临是必经的过程。背临还有两种形式:空背临和心背临。由于这两种方式不存在使用工具、时间、环境等的要求,完全可以利用碎片时间进行练习与巩固。空背临可用手指、木棍等工具在空中、地上或身上,通过记忆比照字帖写。心背临即在心里描摹字帖,在脑中再现每一笔每一画,这种方式适合睡觉前时用。

3、意临

在临写时注入了自己的主观意识,意临是由临摹过渡到创作的必经之路。诸多初学者存在一个问题:练字时喜欢掺杂自己的意识,这是一种正常的现象,但是也是要趁早正视解决的问题,到达意临这个阶段才开始融入主观思维,切不可过早掺入。意临可从为两种,第一种是在原帖字体风格的基础上,使用自己的笔法或结体特征来表现;第二种是在自己字体风格的基础上,使用原站的笔法和结体特征来适应自己的“意”。

注意事项

三种练字方法的合理利用才能在练字过程取得一个不错的效率,需要我们注意如下几点:

1、多临少摹

不止在为期四个多月的练习期间不采用摹写是因为降低了主观能动性。将摹写与临写进行有机结合,以临写为主、摹写为辅的方式取长补短,未必不是一种好的方法。

2、循序渐进

一般而言,从摹写到临写,各项练习方法应当有效穿插,相互作为辅助关系。

3、先专后博

比如不止选择的两本字帖,先《实用行楷字帖》,后《林数因语录行楷》,两本字帖虽然都是荆香鹏的字,但有差别。先打好基础,解决好笔画结构,再进入长篇幅的练习。同时也可以找书家其他字帖,进行广泛吸收。

4、点面结合

在练习前期,笔画与结构的练习往往是结合在一起。由于诸多现代字帖制作是由字体库生成,相同的字没有变化,极有利于练习(也有弊端,不够灵动)。练习中后期,笔画、结构、章法相互穿插练习,可以进行通临,形成面到点,点到面的良性循环。

5、讲究实效

练字不是抄字,做事要做有用功,每一笔、每一字都需要精益求精,不求数量求质量。当今生活节奏过快,部分人练习时总想急于求成,练字不是一朝一夕的事,讲究效率的同时也要注重坚持。

行楷技巧

连写笔画

写行楷书,往往将相邻的笔画连写,以方便书写。

引用草书

为增强行书的流动笔意,注重牵丝连带,调节行气,也可以把人们比较熟悉的草字直接串写在行楷书中。

简化字形

行楷书书写时,由于连写笔画,可以适当减少笔画数、简化了字形,使书写更加便捷。

改变笔顺

行楷书为了连写方便,有一些字改变了楷书的笔画顺序。总体上要保证美感,章法布局上要讲究错落有致,空间布白。

略带斜势

行楷书在书写时,为行笔连带方便,横可以大幅度上斜,字形略带斜势,自成新的体势。

大小相间

行楷书在排行书写时,字形大小,随其自然,大小相间,使行气更加流畅自然。

章法布局排列

字的大小讲究有大有小,错落有致,相得益彰,这样能够使整体更加美观大方。

规律技巧

左短右长

是指左部偏旁较右部要短、而且小。书写时,左部要写小、并略靠上一些,为右部写宽长一些留出位置。这类字的右部往往有撇画向左部的下方伸展,要恰到好处,不能伸的太长。比如:听、作、观等。

左高右低

点竖对正

指在一个字中,有上下两个中竖者,两个中竖应当垂直对正。竖能对正,则字身不倒。在许多字中,中竖决定字的重心,安放位置对与错就决定了这个字的好坏。

左斜右正

凡左右结构者,以左斜右正者居多,左斜为呼,右正为应,有呼无应,字势必殇,有应无呼,无源之水,均不能立,呼者以斜而取势,应者以平而安神,呈左动而右稳,书呼疾而应迟。

左宽右窄

撇捺不相连

上展下收

横长撇短

上紧下松

书写要点

行楷入门,以吴玉生行楷字为例。

常用字“大”字虽然笔画简单,但并不好写,眼睛一看就会,但是写出来总觉得姿态别扭。

为了方便记忆,下面我把“大”字书写要点归结为“3直1弯”。

①横画要直,用中横,要果断,粗壮有力,不宜带弧度;

②竖撇竖要直;

③捺画前半段要直;

④竖撇跨过横画之后,急转弯,弧度非常大。

毛笔行楷

姿势

坐姿

写毛笔字以坐姿为主。一则练二三寸大楷字无须站立,坐着写就行了;二则坐着省力又利于凝神聚气,注意力容易集中。主张写二三寸大楷模也要用立姿的主要原因是为了练习悬肘,其实坐着写也照样可以用悬肘法,关键是方法要正确。正确的坐姿应该是头正、身直、臂开、足安”(见图下)。

头正:指书写时头要摆正,不可偏侧。

身直:指身体要平正、坐直,两肩齐平,当然直立不是要昂首挺胸,而应该肩背放松,自然下沉,身子略向前倾,胸口与桌面保持一多的间隔,切忌弯腰驼背,甚至将下巴枕靠在左手背上。

臂开:指手臂要往前伸开些,同时两臂的肘关节也要向左右撑开,两边基本匀称。

足安:是指两只脚自然地平稳着地,两腿左右略微分开,其位置与肩宽基本相等,肌肉放松。

站姿

站着写毛笔字身子可略往前倾,头部正直稍微有些下俯,左手掌按住桌面上的纸,右手近于伸直,执笔的姿势也要随着站立而改变,手享下覆,手背与手臂几乎成一平面。两脚分开站稳,双足之间的距离与肩宽大致相等。书写时用手腕、手臂的运动来完成;如果写特别大的字,甚至要用腰部的运动来书写,两脚可再分开些,使书写动作可大一些。执笔方法也应随之而变化。

工具

选笔

毛笔

不同阶段,不同水平,学习不同的书体,练习大小不同的字,对应的毛笔也是不同的。

推荐实体店购买,而非网店购买。网店上的东西看不清摸不着,仅能通过几张图片来判断,这种判断方法很难看的真切,因此很多人发现上了当。而在实体店可以好好观察,也可以根据不同的价格的毛笔进行一个对比,从而择优购买,有问题也能在现场发现。

用笔最好还是选择品牌笔,价格虽是稍高点,但质量比较可靠,包括用料和工艺。

范本

平时多看名帖、看书法展、看名家挥毫。从好作品中汲取养分。推荐的以下范本。

书写原则

1、线条坚而浑——激情原自线条的熟练。线是力和势的组合,行笔要沉着痛快,做到稳健、轻便,重笔势(即趋向),根据字形大小排字的走向,线条斜势,整体纵向走势。

2、结体奇而稳——注意重心。欹侧、擒纵、疏密、高低。

3、章法变而贯——竹节式(几个字一节)节数间有空隙;贯珠式(中心线);蛇行式(左右摆动);疏影式(疏疏朗朗)。

布局要点

1、一字不能成行。

2、字与字之间有呼应,上承下启,左映右带,行距和字距不能相等。书眼放中央,可大些,字与周边气贯。

3、整体上展出适合墨迹浓重的作品。挂家中适合疏淡的作品。

4、作品中不能有错别字,异体字不过于冷僻。

5、作品整体布局上面重下面轻。

6、评作品好坏主要看总体视觉效果:节奏、墨色、用笔。

7、三三两两,似散还续,气脉一贯,此布局之妙也。

书写技巧

行楷的连带

笔画连带是行楷书的核心,唯有连带,方能提高书写速度。除了一般上下笔划之间的连带之外,还有一些特殊的连带。

1、改变笔顺。如分、交、布、必、巨、王等字,笔顺改变后,连带顺畅,书写便利。

2、笔画合并。如页、吊、此、高、非等字,笔画合并后,两笔并作一笔,使得上下连贯。  3、笔画省略。如即、动、蜂、龄、它等字的点、小竖、短撇等次要笔画,为了不妨碍连笔,就省略掉了,虽然省略了,但是仍易于辨认。

4、笔画替代。如风、喜、基、具、常、王、能、可等字,这写字大都采取了描摹轮廓的方式来写,用象形笔法勾勒出来,由于约定俗成,已被大家所接受。

要练好行楷,关键要仔细观察字的行笔路线,注意上下衔接,突出主要笔画,减少对笔画的修饰,尽量一气呵成,使字浑然一体。由于书写点画简略,随意自然,行楷给人们以轻松愉快的感觉。

书写特点

行楷的书写特点是连、变、省,其笔画比正楷字的笔画自由,用笔方法也有许多变化。下面我们逐一介绍行楷的基本笔画。

行楷的点画

行楷画卷头尖、腹平、背圆、尾满,前后顾盼。点画都与字的中心呼应。下面是行楷字点画的主要写法:

行楷的横画

行楷字横画多数带钩,与前后笔画呼应或者连接,有长短、精细、俯仰等变化,如果数横并列,要有长短参差,笔势也要有区别。横画在字中往往起平衡作用,因此书写时要注意长短、角度和曲弧。

行楷的竖画

行楷字写竖画不宜太直硬,要适当取斜势或弯曲,收笔有悬针,有垂露,有带钩,有弯弧,但必须把力用到笔端,切忌软散。字中的长竖作适当夸张。

行楷的撇画

行楷字的撇有多种姿态,要注意长短、曲直的变化,书写时常常回锋,做到伸缩有度,与捺相配时要有变化,不能呆板。

行楷的捺画

捺多用在字的右部或者右下角的末笔,有时写成反捺或长点出锋,但要注意带曲,回锋的方向要有变化。

行楷的提画

提又称挑,常在左右结构字左旁的末笔,与右半边联系。写提笔要快而有劲

行楷的折画

行楷字的折画有圆有方,圆转多于方折,圆度要润,方折要顿。

行楷的钩画

行楷字的钩画多变并适度夸张。有些字本来没有钩,可以加钩起连带作用,但要生动求变,饱满有劲,切忌软弱、尖细。

书写关键

八面出锋

借助于八面出锋,自然显出墨色浓淡,湿中有干,干中有湿,浓中有淡,淡中有浓,变化千万,使作品富有节奏感。

刚柔相济

刚力—铁划银钩(粗):柔力—行云流水(细)。

惜墨如金

要求蘸一次墨写一个字,甚至数字。

豁然开朗

留白处有宽有窄,宽处给人以忽然开朗之感。艺术是制造矛盾,到解决矛盾的过程。

中侧并用

中锋得法立骨,侧锋得势求变。中锋是理性的要求,是书法审美的核心所在;侧锋是情性的化身,是书法通神的手段。

深思熟虑

创作前要深思熟虑,反复推敲,做到“胸有成竹”。

一气呵成

书法是感情的流露,不是技巧的表现,要在身体与心情皆好的状态下写字。书写时随意挥洒,一气呵成。

错落有致

一般情况下,作品的行距要宽,字距要紧。字忌并列,要错开。节数间有空隙,排列组合要有节奏,大小字参差,突出中间书眼。

笔情墨趣

书法是无声的音乐,无形的舞蹈。求变化中有呼应,使整体和谐,有强烈的节奏和视觉冲击力。用好拙笔,用笔略慢,动中有静,写出墨趣。

重视贯气

书法的气,是指点划与不同字之间的呼应,字与字之间的趋向。

书写方法

读帖

要练眼,即认真读帖。读帖是基础,要仔细观察字在方格中的高低位置、笔画的连贯映带、疏密和长短等,眼高是手高的前提,对字形要善于观察、分析和比较,大致相同的字合成一类,举一反三,达到事半功倍的效果。

练脑

要练脑或说练心。在细心观察的基础上,要把示范字牢牢地记在心里,只有把字形象记英语单词、背数学公式那样烂熟于心,深深地刻在大脑里,才能熟练运用。无论何时,一旦提到这个字,马上就能想出这个字在字帖上的形状,做到胸有成帖,脑有成字。

练手

练眼和练脑是为了搞清字该怎样写,心中能想出字的最好效果,手下却不一定能写出来,因为脑不一定能指挥得了手,手不一定能指挥得了笔。练手就是要达到心手一致、手笔一致的境界,所以练手也是至关重要的。练手主要是练指力、练腕力、练手感。

练结构

要写好行楷,结构的练习重于笔画的练习。字的结构是指字的笔画的长短比例及笔画间的穿插避让关系。要掌握汉字的结构,大家可以写写黑体字,通过这种字体把结构进行校正,然后加以变化,写其他的字体也就容易一些。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷又称“汉字行楷手写体字形”,是偏重于楷书书写笔法,比楷书行笔自由,又比行草规正的行书字体。是汉字在楷书基础上简约书写笔画、增强书写映带、表现书写意趣的实用性字体。行楷最大的优势在于实用性极强,书写速度快、易识易学。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIcYsIAc6q8UAHoupFfA6Jv"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷特点","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYaukOIYUqu4uirDWImLVhI"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"行笔轻盈","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUAAg4qCUSo6KGuqFDmvpHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"书写楷书,运笔稳实、缓慢,笔画讲究工整、挺健。书写行楷,运笔轻松、便捷,线条追求流畅、明快。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCcIycGWM0kCICoARw4h31d"},,"attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"行笔轻盈","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/07aa7d0ff2be4e8585dc8f7287a33c88","width":366},"text":"","id":"doxcn6eaIKe6qku4eQygEUM7n3y"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"点画灵动","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnC4Kq6GGeMC4MyScd0OabDe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"书写楷书,笔画造型完整,点画之间呼应关系含蓄。书写行楷,点画活泼,连带显露,点、钩、挑等动感笔画明显增多。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2EEM4UIOggMSo7KjntZCAh"},,"attrs":{"height":358,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"点画灵动","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/37d3a92a963c4e908f3f31e1a7a3a649","width":372},"text":"","id":"doxcnqC8oAwiiumKUstBwpBAjpc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"字形多变","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnC82UOSaoAq8GG4UbvbUo1d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"楷书的字形平正端庄,通篇整齐均匀,相映如一。行楷字的字形变化多姿,通篇大小相间,正敧相错,同一个字可以有多种写法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2iekUmMgo6SoiiSs7V6a1b"},,"attrs":{"height":436,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"字形多变","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b53a66166e1243ab8eea03c77eef8915","width":431},"text":"","id":"doxcnAYAgCE6gSM4g1SmRmWs7Qz"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"硬笔行楷","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8oSKw6Oa06U2gVS19IetNg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"姿势","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn08qmQYAGsSkyOI8DWpi9Nc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"坐姿","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnciMciCmG8IcCEjBHGJk0Qh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"推荐的坐姿:头正、肩平、臂开、足安;眼离纸一尺高,手离笔尖一寸长,胸离桌子拳头,推荐坐姿如下图。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKokEyOQEISoEwPbLbaS4id"},,"attrs":{"height":269,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"坐姿","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2518cd45688c4c88b6ad0dc26fa83e68","width":249},"text":"","id":"doxcnS4soUKQwKyCCofbdKxjsEh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"握姿","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQgsMwykeKq0umedSoMmVrh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"推荐的握姿:拇指、食指捏住笔,中指抵住笔杆底;余下两指紧相依,指离笔尖一寸余;五指配合齐用力,不松不紧最适宜,推荐握姿如下图。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnssCokGGekg8G0UAgW0iUxh"},,"attrs":{"height":181,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"握姿","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f6ecdf5dcd674c09844ac3b09d317014","width":260},"text":"","id":"doxcnGYuiweyaGmqkWfgdUpbvhb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4IQSKyg8eYQ8esyWOtcVuc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"选笔","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYoWqeCaqQiKKEbPWJleqze"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、钢笔","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyaCk2M6ME8eGaSyV44e6Jc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"钢笔的地位在硬笔练字中处于不可撼动的地位,较强表现力可以反映出毛笔的效果。关于练习钢笔的选择,我们可以遵从以下原则:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsG6Ye4omiYEAOs7UZGKLvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)不使用美工笔。美工笔不利于稳定练习;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS2asmUM8Oc0umYs2RnCLXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)不使用写起来不适的钢笔。比如出现堵笔、洇墨、摩阻过大等问题;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwcSUoiKOMOAwolSDNeSgqg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)不使用过贵的钢笔。在成本练字的过程相对耗笔,尽量做到成本控制,贵的笔对练字本身没有太实质性的帮助。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYWSoWCMyIac2wXg8H0vTNc"},,"attrs":{"height":800,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"选笔","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/143c124cd04042ea8e2dd086dadce517","width":800},"text":"","id":"doxcnOimsEeYcU8IUycD6KwzYRc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中性笔","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAIOqO4UKUsKiiWblbtqV0b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中性笔有稳定、表现力强、便宜、便捷、书写舒适等优点,是一种相对完美的笔。不止在此次行楷练习试验中,日常生活中,大多数人更愿意使用0.5中性笔。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8y80ucmkMEo6Yz690kipzd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中性笔的挑选可以遵从如下原则:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnguKWaAyGiU82m24DES6LJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)书写流度。笔触顺骨,笔画饱满,墨色均匀;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6OAiAKuiw0QKML7J6o8XXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)握笔舒适度。长时间书写不会有过于明显累手、压迫感;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCMYeAmYkKcOUUrxYq3Fise"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)墨干燥速度。书写时不会被谱黑就行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmIu0Qi2uKKokktaSU61gZb"},,"attrs":{"height":292,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"选笔","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ee9abf52df3142ed8665577f90f381e6","width":387},"text":"","id":"doxcnOOQGKEUeqI8k6lAdfDViic"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、其他笔","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkicWAAEOqkAOKA627mdwqd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"除了钢笔和中性笔,其他笔类都可以进行练字。种类繁多,最为常见的有铅笔,圆珠笔等。不一定局限于某种笔。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0ccAiu6KEUGc6M6v7YNFyg"},,"attrs":{"height":250,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"选笔","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b9668d13228a408d98ce10dd0a8b874c","width":250},"text":"","id":"doxcnIegGkuSKW6c6wBzbOOPyRb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"字帖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniEOyUqOQMmWQslzECcIJRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"分类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqWSUaMQmYO0kAf24i8PFTc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"字帖大体可分为三类:(1)笔画结构详解类(2)集字类(3)语录文章类。初学者可以购入三类字帖分别一本,有一定基础者可以购入后两类字帖各一本,基础扎实者可购最后一类字帖。行楷定型试验于2019年6月10日启动,2019年10月24日初步定型,所用字帖为荆霄鹏的《实用行楷字帖》(图1)、《林徽因语录行楷》(图2)。《实用行楷字帖》属于集字类,《林徽因语录行楷》属于语录文章类。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSmkI4QYAAcE8kz0fC7TfKe"},,"attrs":{"height":317,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"字帖","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/365b0cf1b3844a10a47844acbbdcef35","width":235},"text":"","id":"doxcnKOqYYIE8owM6GIVhk2ea3e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"图1","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn42scOaQC6SGCE3OExmp20g"},,"attrs":{"height":320,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"字帖","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b702530ab255456e99171f65f0130fec","width":247},"text":"","id":"doxcnsumocemYQSk6yoqAhf6Adc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"图2","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnce6CcqocmQocA7Zw4FETee"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"推荐字帖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngEOIM0OwgagFMW09R8td"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"当代有大量优秀行楷字帖,比如吴玉生、田英章、钱沛云等人的行(楷)字帖。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuo6u84MkgeoQS0nh3cTNhh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"昊玉生的行楷字站:《怎样写好写快规范字》《公务员汉字书写5500字》、《古文观止》、《硬笔行书红楼梦诗词》等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUyY28seoq2m08jMdTLPxkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"田英章的行(楷)字帖:《钢笔行书实用技法字帖》、《漂亮字的快写技巧(行书)》、《现代汉语常用3500字(行书)》等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQSMqau4qCoMm2XxlNGJJyb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"钱沛云的行(楷)字帖:《钱沛云硬笔书法技巧》《钱市云教你写好硬笔行书》等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqy4Y2iKkqcOUMXXyjbwRkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"对于字站的选择需要根据自己的喜好,但是也要避雷。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0CS4AYcuOkW4qIygeJROZb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择字帖三不选:不选折凹槽类字帖;不选手写体类字帖;不选大幅度描红类字帖。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngE80Gokgqkao6zWC2vsfsd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"纸","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ0gAgC4M6kaQ0owxeYyZoe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"练习纸种类繁多,常见的有回宫格、米字格、田字格、空白格、横线格、竖线格等等,练习纸的选择也需依据自己的基础,初学尽量选择辅助线多的回宫格、米字格等,随着阶段的变化,练习纸也应该有所改变以减少辅助,达到科学练习的目的。按时间顺序,不止使用了米字格纸、田字格纸、空白格纸、横线纸、竖线纸、白纸。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCqSommKokAMWXsjLxZ3xLe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"重点:从脱离米字格到白纸,练字整个过程都贯穿着田字格纸的巩固练习,不属于完全转换状态。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4OAM2WWoY4YOyYiYNBddyc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"另外,有以下几个点可以注意:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoAMw6gCwuOeeiSIj3962rg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)当没有问题的笔墨写在纸上产生洇墨、阻力大等类问题,建议换纸。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCey64Ue0CCyUGstIqsePWc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)不要使用线格过小的纸,选择写起来有种自然舒适状态的纸。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0Mei0Mi22YGOgvnvvFwmqd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)不要刻意追求“好”纸,硬笔行楷的练习对纸的要求较低。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneCgECqqU08WuGr3c4sImyT"},,"attrs":{"height":1185,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"纸","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bcd041337a694ecb8a11c3ce054340b9","width":790},"text":"","id":"doxcngMeGwYSmIwUUa0uTFIdCoh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"练字内容","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyMuA00AusuW8AnUVouKs0f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"从欣赏一幅书法作品的角度,至少会从章法、结构、笔画(划)三方面进行解读,这三方面即是要练字的内容。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4uW6WqcUws0SXcSdnWrg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"章法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnu0IiMSkSoICs0ivuP8j0Ad"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"章法是安排布置整幅作品中,字与字、行与行之间呼应、照顾等关系的方法,它着重于字与字之间、行与行之间的协调。章法包含着字形大小、字距远近、字态正奇、黑白分布、落款铃印等,利用这些手段可以使众多单字在特定的风格下形成一种和谐稳定美观又不失趣味的作品。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsusugEusaIo8MvXg33O1nd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"结构","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkwY2Cok0I4kKa6vEwygEJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"结构是字内各笔画长短、粗细、疏密、布局等。汉字从结构上分有独体字与合体字两大类。从结构形式看,合体字分为七种,即上下结构、上中下结构、左右结构、左中右结构、半包围结构、全包围结构和品字形结构,巧妙地组织笔画让笔画布局合理,传达的视觉效果越好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnssuKaGa0MoAsuAwL2Ii3nh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"笔画(划)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneeOGiAiIIeW0IKQDaEEH5I"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"永字反映出了“点、横、竖、撇、捺、提、折、钩”八个基本笔画。笔尖与纸面接触的痕迹,反映出笔画力度、角度、粗细、曲直等。笔画作为练字的起点,是最基础也是最核心的,务必加倍重视。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniAmUuyA0CaaswvbgJ0S7Ch"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"练字方式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYKCygkWcIKGKUPHW5pSzxf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"临摹字帖是当下练字最有效的途径,但是部分人在临摹之前往往忽略了一个前提:读帖。将练字方法分解为三个部分:读帖、摹写、临写。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO0UMscWAuQkIe5yqi2MeT9"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"读帖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGAAk82w28KUOIRlF1S8QLh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"读帖需要分析字帖范字的笔画、结构、章法。读帖是一个发挥主观能动性的过程,初步练习时应更多的注重笔画的长短、粗细、徐疾、轻重,笔画之间的俯仰、向背、离合、呼应,字的大小、方圆、高矮、宽窄等等。仔细领会字帖的点画形质、间架结构、气韵神采,才能下笔准确。对同一字帖而言,应从其点画开始,观察其起笔、行笔、收笔如何完成以及同一类笔画之间的细小差别等,再到观察毎个字的间架结构、位置布局和章法,最后则是体味字站的气韵神采、风格特点,为准确地临写做好准备。对不同字帖而言,就比如不止选择的两本字帖,往往起到一个相辅相成的作用,为了解一个字体作好充分的准备。经过观察,不止使用的行楷字帖,不像古帖变化较多,容易学习,方便掌握。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6mgYAAAQOMywycRkaO2uCf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"摹写","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6gYSEGaCkcOkiUDVAvGzle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"市面上流通的大多数摹写字帖采用透明度较高的硫酸纸覆盖在字帖上,按照影子描写(或者猫红)。当你开始使用摹写时前也要详细的读帖,做到心中有数。摹写过程中,尽量与原帖的用笔一致,单字书写一气呵成,不可存在먹笔填笔等问题。摹写有利有弊,不止认为摹写存在降低主观能动性的嫌疑,故整个练字试验过程都没有使用摹写。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncqAyo4S6CCSaYTmdDAzshe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"临写","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6iM4OiYag0WcQD61VKxzDd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"临写根据要求的不同可分为对临、背临和意临。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnygOUcU2IMMCIs1Ye474JJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、对临","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni62qGqSGoUMUYNDoHeenTw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可将字帖置于视角左侧或前端,便于准确观察。随着练字形式的多样化,对临时关于字帖的摆放只要适用于自己即可,可通过裁剪字帖放大观察范围,不必拘泥形式。基于读帖,写完后再将自己写的与字帖仔细对照分析,找到不足做出标记,再次临写,循环练习直到与字帖的字高度相以。临写时不可看一笔写一笔。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncyUaEEiUwKsF3SWiJp0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、背临","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA2S06sa2kckwDN9brm2NLc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在读帖,摹写,对临这些过程中,应当有所思索、有所比较、有所记忆,将字帖熟记于心,合帖临写,通过背临这种方式来检验自己是否熟练,这种方式就好比背语文课文,作为一种检查手段的同时,也是在巩固字体的练习,以形成记忆模式,达到一种出笔即像的境界。有部分练习者对照字帖能写得很好,一旦离开字站,不管是字形还是结构都降了层次,这就是因为没有使用好背临这一招。学习一个字体最后目的就是要将帖上字化为已用,想要到达这一目的,背临是必经的过程。背临还有两种形式:空背临和心背临。由于这两种方式不存在使用工具、时间、环境等的要求,完全可以利用碎片时间进行练习与巩固。空背临可用手指、木棍等工具在空中、地上或身上,通过记忆比照字帖写。心背临即在心里描摹字帖,在脑中再现每一笔每一画,这种方式适合睡觉前时用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMcQ2kOYemq2qmcI1ebeInc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、意临","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAKoeUoysIM2gE9Ezj6O0Yb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在临写时注入了自己的主观意识,意临是由临摹过渡到创作的必经之路。诸多初学者存在一个问题:练字时喜欢掺杂自己的意识,这是一种正常的现象,但是也是要趁早正视解决的问题,到达意临这个阶段才开始融入主观思维,切不可过早掺入。意临可从为两种,第一种是在原帖字体风格的基础上,使用自己的笔法或结体特征来表现;第二种是在自己字体风格的基础上,使用原站的笔法和结体特征来适应自己的“意”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGYuu2uummUchftaOlYJf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSEKqU8MukMwuYLyVM9eJ0g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"三种练字方法的合理利用才能在练字过程取得一个不错的效率,需要我们注意如下几点:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM4ci6OkEmCu4Mv7B1q8ayg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、多临少摹","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4UsGEYE2qa4kSq81ldYrEb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"不止在为期四个多月的练习期间不采用摹写是因为降低了主观能动性。将摹写与临写进行有机结合,以临写为主、摹写为辅的方式取长补短,未必不是一种好的方法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8kGcQuiKocsIHa0TtdvKh9"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、循序渐进","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIA0wMeKukUIs7pBA3jNXG7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一般而言,从摹写到临写,各项练习方法应当有效穿插,相互作为辅助关系。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2weMMgcMgICQgHri9JdLFd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、先专后博","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnosUWSoIk4MEIiqC3FlueHg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"比如不止选择的两本字帖,先《实用行楷字帖》,后《林数因语录行楷》,两本字帖虽然都是荆香鹏的字,但有差别。先打好基础,解决好笔画结构,再进入长篇幅的练习。同时也可以找书家其他字帖,进行广泛吸收。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWW4cQko8gm8SWEZ20ELjhg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、点面结合","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqyi8qie6se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text":"左高右低","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8a17143471764ed7a4f62fb902559873","width":469},"text":"","id":"doxcnuGKIeuq8icUAW2PHLYBuYg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"点竖对正","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIgEe8wUKmGOuoXLqX4nwQh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"指在一个字中,有上下两个中竖者,两个中竖应当垂直对正。竖能对正,则字身不倒。在许多字中,中竖决定字的重心,安放位置对与错就决定了这个字的好坏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQEq488a66mgEkRr18DJWUb"},,"attrs":{"height":448,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"点竖对正","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/09b567588bae4231ac6481497b025754","width":466},"text":"","id":"doxcnui2k6WSGccKCExe0R2lcwg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"左斜右正","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnioSkEEGimMq2eerYx3PiYg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"凡左右结构者,以左斜右正者居多,左斜为呼,右正为应,有呼无应,字势必殇,有应无呼,无源之水,均不能立,呼者以斜而取势,应者以平而安神,呈左动而右稳,书呼疾而应迟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOg6QmC2oK2cuGEXUx7Clqe"},,"attrs":{"height":440,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"左斜右正","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/84c3390781414dc3817a24902ed7259f","width":455},"text":"","id":"doxcn0wKOw6gMk8kAPevNYILKrP"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"左宽右窄","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO86cMqiW2AO6WyrxT90LLb"},,"attrs":{"height":445,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"左宽右窄","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/96fc15ffed494df3b4b7d15b1dd3aef9","width":462},"text":"","id":"doxcnEME88Wa4KYuImgaKRnhREb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"撇捺不相连","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniSyqqGG6YuMGoHBCQnXugc"},,"attrs":{"height":440,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"撇捺不相连","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f76712357bd849c4a027a9d0a8b587bd","width":462},"text":"","id":"doxcngi682G0ug0YU4aqqWGQxfe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"上展下收","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCAikyiwQaqeI0MeHUxhMUh"},,"attrs":{"height":444,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"上展下收","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/779ef57f03574c978bd9dcbeb368c6c4","width":457},"text":"","id":"doxcnSAKeqwwAWEGO6ZEN8YHcMc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"横长撇短","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMkMUWYCAKg06UkF3wIG5eb"},,"attrs":{"height":448,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"横长撇短","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f4a9eccca0044620b11b5f523991bb88","width":455},"text":"","id":"doxcnoCqoaoAWSiwygX7i8qZfcg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"上紧下松","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSqw2WcgUCumGOoH8KFWykc"},,"attrs":{"height":436,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"上紧下松","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2097c29cc7f343f18b58b5a0f9ab58d5","width":458},"text":"","id":"doxcnguuo0EmsQwCkigj3MNVfVd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"书写要点","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniWqc0WmsCYO66jwoFaw9Rc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷入门,以吴玉生行楷字为例。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne0woEGSUEok6mAKll0Wozd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"常用字“大”字虽然笔画简单,但并不好写,眼睛一看就会,但是写出来总觉得姿态别扭。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUwoYigA0CmWu4GOKZxS7ce"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"为了方便记忆,下面我把“大”字书写要点归结为“","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"3直1弯”","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwEiWAeIcwIcaGw1xFuS4ah"},,"attrs":{"height":353,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"书写要点","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/876ba8c6fd074988bc41cf4ea83ba723","width":387},"text":"","id":"doxcnOQAaoi8cceww2TpD8QAMPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①横画要直,用中横,要果断,粗壮有力,不宜带弧度;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIqcoYqwiKc46qISC4rZRJb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"②竖撇竖要直;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0cMguuoAS4s2e8B9vTvXSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"③捺画前半段要直;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwccMCEOAw2QmqqAYK0ecvb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"④竖撇跨过横画之后,急转弯,弧度非常大。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6UwO8YGwQkkQYHCzQuPzEd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"毛笔行楷","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMcyOiIIkuU4Ys3nvvw5ltg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"姿势","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSqWsWkm8Mcos22WA5RXMcb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"坐姿","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnweQKAwmYysGGkpJFtdqGff"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"写毛笔字以坐姿为主。一则练二三寸大楷字无须站立,坐着写就行了;二则坐着省力又利于凝神聚气,注意力容易集中。主张写二三寸大楷模也要用立姿的主要原因是为了练习悬肘,其实坐着写也照样可以用悬肘法,关键是方法要正确。正确的坐姿应该是头正、身直、臂开、足安”","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"(见图下)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQsmC0yS6g0KioH2CKKX1kc"},,"attrs":{"height":316,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"坐姿","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b8f90774db5d4d27b5c317c3f4d10c90","width":183},"text":"","id":"doxcnMUIqIcW8U6mUuCNaOkLfKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"头正:指书写时头要摆正,不可偏侧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGwIyoWWsSKKY6HqUTZr3Ud"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"身直:指身体要平正、坐直,两肩齐平,当然直立不是要昂首挺胸,而应该肩背放松,自然下沉,身子略向前倾,胸口与桌面保持一多的间隔,切忌弯腰驼背,甚至将下巴枕靠在左手背上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUQmGeaUok0sQKoC2NeAyrf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"臂开:指手臂要往前伸开些,同时两臂的肘关节也要向左右撑开,两边基本匀称。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIUkCcyIGW2M0a97totsiob"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"足安:是指两只脚自然地平稳着地,两腿左右略微分开,其位置与肩宽基本相等,肌肉放松。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnscy4yIkwGW8iAj6LaigwQc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"站姿","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna6KeUwOwe2GqkvMkUcOkFx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"站着写毛笔字身子可略往前倾,头部正直稍微有些下俯,左手掌按住桌面上的纸,右手近于伸直,执笔的姿势也要随着站立而改变,手享下覆,手背与手臂几乎成一平面。两脚分开站稳,双足之间的距离与肩宽大致相等。书写时用手腕、手臂的运动来完成;如果写特别大的字,甚至要用腰部的运动来书写,两脚可再分开些,使书写动作可大一些。执笔方法也应随之而变化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCu64QmqyuYO2K41JlLc1Ig"},,"attrs":{"height":331,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"站姿","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d28550bf862a493e824459b7793fd9e1","width":186},"text":"","id":"doxcniWeUKSAWsUG2553WzOlJbc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGgmW4KSqiOiOeA8VDgLHWd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"选笔","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEOscEWGiYAWgSQsOg7czmf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"毛笔","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnECqooYMiO6a8W0MgL3dHbh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"不同阶段,不同水平,学习不同的书体,练习大小不同的字,对应的毛笔也是不同的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmqIyy08OMCM64Vtl5ltwVk"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"推荐实体店购买,而非网店购买。网店上的东西看不清摸不着,仅能通过几张图片来判断,这种判断方法很难看的真切,因此很多人发现上了当。而在实体店可以好好观察,也可以根据不同的价格的毛笔进行一个对比,从而择优购买,有问题也能在现场发现。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOm8IqCu8a8gosPA8gU17ke"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"用笔最好还是选择品牌笔,价格虽是稍高点,但质量比较可靠,包括用料和工艺。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne6wQIckyKWsqsbOvYrz7re"},,"attrs":{"height":435,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"选笔","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b8baa1a614b846cfa315e4cd84158b53","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcn0EMG2gwIw8OAEjQropDhwc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"范本","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCgqsWYyy22SUK2a8UYu45c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"平时多看名帖、看书法展、看名家挥毫。从好作品中汲取养分。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"推荐的以下范本。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnACkmwiGiGQmK2l7v5n1Twc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[,"attrs":{"height":417,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"范本","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e90c123e83624f44a5152d672b503406","width":486},"text":"","id":"doxcnwSIS4KuouCSCYDK3iaHUrh"},,"attrs":{"height":421,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"范本","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/acb87d789fb5421ca8a26ef295f08299","width":549},"text":"","id":"doxcnmWqO6MQyiGEWE1JMpFzLHg"}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuuOSWAgoCMc2cHlminRivq"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"书写原则","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuuOSWAgoCMc2cHlminRivq"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、线条坚而浑——激情原自线条的熟练。线是力和势的组合,行笔要沉着痛快,做到稳健、轻便,重笔势(即趋向),根据字形大小排字的走向,线条斜势,整体纵向走势。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO6E8OGyUuysmeSrHW1el2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、结体奇而稳——注意重心。欹侧、擒纵、疏密、高低。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqU60cKSUu4kY6oGrQEETjf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、章法变而贯——竹节式(几个字一节)节数间有空隙;贯珠式(中心线);蛇行式(左右摆动);疏影式(疏疏朗朗)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2qGy0GkOAoO4u4fJ8SlSmh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"布局要点","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0C8AumEsAMuqScsKS82lCg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、一字不能成行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOc0ksWyuU2Y4ATMXFv7pKh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、字与字之间有呼应,上承下启,左映右带,行距和字距不能相等。书眼放中央,可大些,字与周边气贯。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGasoYq4GKYGsecACmzowgd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、整体上展出适合墨迹浓重的作品。挂家中适合疏淡的作品。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0cyk6G2kM2Mc8JWNqfN43f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、作品中不能有错别字,异体字不过于冷僻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS8YkomM2yCWCgfldKKZbdc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、作品整体布局上面重下面轻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAeuAikQYIUcU6AMYaLjiMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、评作品好坏主要看总体视觉效果:节奏、墨色、用笔。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQAaMeOU4oIII3teYgTEPkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、三三两两,似散还续,气脉一贯,此布局之妙也。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4iqiYKKmE0moI7XxDzVdXq"},,"attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"布局要点","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e5dcacce4cad4010ad94c4bf926d1548","width":360},"text":"","id":"doxcns2q6MuQS2OYkUFUYR1XDYd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"书写技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqAKwy8akk2GOlNevr7eyNe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的连带","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG0o6uA0YYe8CuWrldoHTie"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"笔画连带是行楷书的核心,唯有连带,方能提高书写速度。除了一般上下笔划之间的连带之外,还有一些特殊的连带。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno8SYyoAsoSocOZIZBKiU7L"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、改变笔顺。如分、交、布、必、巨、王等字,笔顺改变后,连带顺畅,书写便利。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncsCykwUwgQyCkXIu4UVJFc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、笔画合并。如页、吊、此、高、非等字,笔画合并后,两笔并作一笔,使得上下连贯。  3、笔画省略。如即、动、蜂、龄、它等字的点、小竖、短撇等次要笔画,为了不妨碍连笔,就省略掉了,虽然省略了,但是仍易于辨认。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOYy6OeoucYkqYfm5oVPIeg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、笔画替代。如风、喜、基、具、常、王、能、可等字,这写字大都采取了描摹轮廓的方式来写,用象形笔法勾勒出来,由于约定俗成,已被大家所接受。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniYscSugg4ga4kJKzB7wtCb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"要练好行楷,关键要仔细观察字的行笔路线,注意上下衔接,突出主要笔画,减少对笔画的修饰,尽量一气呵成,使字浑然一体。由于书写点画简略,随意自然,行楷给人们以轻松愉快的感觉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGCQCeMou2CkAyyiNa3Bstg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"书写特点","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnE4o0MYkUE0UmWeKpQb4cxg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的书写特点是连、变、省,其笔画比正楷字的笔画自由,用笔方法也有许多变化。下面我们逐一介绍行楷的基本笔画。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng2aqCSqMucQ6GriKynPoIc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的点画","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA0C64w46QSqsstlt7yH0yg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷画卷头尖、腹平、背圆、尾满,前后顾盼。点画都与字的中心呼应。下面是行楷字点画的主要写法:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGIEQKUwOsoeM8sP960iQHb"},,"attrs":{"height":571,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的点画","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c7cd854fd45e4de899fe8863de596e9b","width":450},"text":"","id":"doxcncYgsUyM4sSS66mhva0NHhB"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的横画","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKYyC4eEYoIkKPxkgIr9ixK"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷字横画多数带钩,与前后笔画呼应或者连接,有长短、精细、俯仰等变化,如果数横并列,要有长短参差,笔势也要有区别。横画在字中往往起平衡作用,因此书写时要注意长短、角度和曲弧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngaCsoG2GAoQwukjtCX0n69"},,"attrs":{"height":355,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的横画","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f5deb7f3e889460583b771ccb2bd1748","width":537},"text":"","id":"doxcn8UuYcU88As6k4KiNBFM5Pc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的竖画","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUQ8Kmyc4S0G0qOuxQZlEme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷字写竖画不宜太直硬,要适当取斜势或弯曲,收笔有悬针,有垂露,有带钩,有弯弧,但必须把力用到笔端,切忌软散。字中的长竖作适当夸张。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIsACQSQmYUmE8jtVztVsRf"},,"attrs":{"height":592,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的竖画","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4ebe6c6e082e402290371396cd7a13d5","width":590},"text":"","id":"doxcnuE8UyyK64ME6moE7zHbUlf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的撇画","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyCeWYWmogs4Kqgp8hCMKvd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷字的撇有多种姿态,要注意长短、曲直的变化,书写时常常回锋,做到伸缩有度,与捺相配时要有变化,不能呆板。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnI6SMqOyMs8SMGqegxzJXld"},,"attrs":{"height":545,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的撇画","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/44e54987821142888f501960daa7e3b5","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnwKQKEG66I4qI0Ia4oXvH3c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的捺画","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmcaosE8KQAIwmEE9pflz0g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"捺多用在字的右部或者右下角的末笔,有时写成反捺或长点出锋,但要注意带曲,回锋的方向要有变化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqQMqOIEkuOiUeKfhqJ8rVT"},,"attrs":{"height":659,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的捺画","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/631e14ee1c724642961a834cbfc47eba","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnUOe46mkCgIoICQmdDa8Rrc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的提画","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2CUkIkSq6YUaYdnIpKqHwd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"提又称挑,常在左右结构字左旁的末笔,与右半边联系。写提笔要快而有劲 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4MK8QuaAOYm40WLzS0TJie"},,"attrs":{"height":439,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的提画","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1ba0891e62d549ff937195b34bf9e80f","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcncCkuYouk6ssmsT06ZDxoSc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的折画","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno8eOy0ks4EQqIljp7jUr0d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷字的折画有圆有方,圆转多于方折,圆度要润,方折要顿。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGmy4CU0MgcoSUVQHAqYB2g"},,"attrs":{"height":423,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的折画","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8711dc90e7e642dd95cf0e67a20bae36","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnWY2wyEWWQkKQMztqVyBQch"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的钩画","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMwMi8eu2s8S06UT3SKzm9F"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷字的钩画多变并适度夸张。有些字本来没有钩,可以加钩起连带作用,但要生动求变,饱满有劲,切忌软弱、尖细。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwswImyS0Oae46NA7C35mlb"},,"attrs":{"height":779,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"行楷的折画","id":""}],"url":"{{image_domain}}tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/776ce9e7ba5b460383868d7eb282e824","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnG4Wy24uac42aYRHOKhrDEf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"书写关键","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6o86MmeMUcmkkHLBcIqxCc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"八面出锋","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngoI2owY4EG8qINNFHuTY6f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"借助于八面出锋,自然显出墨色浓淡,湿中有干,干中有湿,浓中有淡,淡中有浓,变化千万,使作品富有节奏感。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMi6CSowM8wIuYzm00qxlDh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"刚柔相济","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCKG0SSqAMiiUG2RJNSagMo"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"刚力—","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"铁划银钩(粗):柔力—","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"行云流水(细)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS0AyiWK04co8UJir8F7Tkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"惜墨如金","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnU22cm6iiwWIUgtSXfFRqed"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"要求蘸一次墨写一个字,甚至数字。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaSwgo86II24yiOONHJDHNh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"豁然开朗","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmygKyu8gAiQ6OplD7osqVp"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"留白处有宽有窄,宽处给人以忽然开朗之感。艺术是制造矛盾,到解决矛盾的过程。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQG04OK2ke0U0gN2BO9SEhf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中侧并用","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEsOk8Kq6uaoieE67PtMfad"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中锋得法立骨,侧锋得势求变。中锋是理性的要求,是书法审美的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"核心所在;","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"侧锋是情性的化身,是书法通神的手段。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGYscu8skYuWMnl6PLQWXcM"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"深思熟虑","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngQI8EcImyUakEyabawOXpb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"创作前要深思熟虑,反复推敲,做到“胸有成竹”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ4mKQIMo68siohfwOjuh5a"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一气呵成","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncmGoe46o6aOGYrkbQGiTJb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"书法是感情的流露,不是技巧的表现,要在身体与心情皆好的状态下写字。书写时随意挥洒,一气呵成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA4SeYSQgyyEc2B0GHS46Le"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"错落有致","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO0yIwmIsgGwYGEvjjQ0Bxh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一般情况下,作品的行距要宽,字距要紧。字忌并列,要错开。节数间有空隙,排列组合要有节奏,大小字参差,突出中间书眼。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIgs6IawSuwA8e6o12XYVkg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"笔情墨趣","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOoi2iO4OCGWGwHrtxBjXhb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"书法是无声的音乐,无形的舞蹈。求变化中有呼应,使整体和谐,有强烈的节奏和视觉冲击力。用好拙笔,用笔略慢,动中有静,写出墨趣。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaAGSyYusYGaA0YK4jiARyf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"重视贯气","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngUwWOeuwYI0wOoZ4Dee31c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"书法的气,是指点划与不同字之间的呼应,字与字之间的趋向。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaAAmUk0uIGQYmKljTaPVSd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"书写方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwm44O4Q6GY8CuarhxCvxeg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"读帖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMKmOesQEoQmUUPRMutQo4c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"要练眼,即认真读帖。读帖是基础,要仔细观察字在方格中的高低位置、笔画的连贯映带、疏密和长短等,眼高是手高的前提,对字形要善于观察、分析和比较,大致相同的字合成一类,举一反三,达到事半功倍的效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmUisQUE2w4M8VEjN2dz4D6"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"练脑","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYyqqQ0SUumUUuinEBUVCsf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"要练脑或说练心。在细心观察的基础上,要把示范字牢牢地记在心里,只有把字形象记英语单词、背数学公式那样烂熟于心,深深地刻在大脑里,才能熟练运用。无论何时,一旦提到这个字,马上就能想出这个字在字帖上的形状,做到胸有成帖,脑有成字。","id":""}],"tex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